Faculty of Social Sciences

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Challenges experienced by social workers after handling traumatic cases in Maseru district hospitals, Lesotho
(National University of Lesotho, 2021-07) Ngatane, Tiisetso; James, Priya
There is an increase in trauma cases in Lesotho and globally, and this leaves social workers with a lot of work to help survivors of the traumatic events to cope. The main objective of the study was to explore the challenges experienced by social workers after handling traumatic cases in Maseru district hospitals, Lesotho and data was collected in the first two weeks of May. In spite of the high increase of traumatic cases, that expose social workers to different kinds of traumatic material, there is lack of literature, both in Lesotho and globally. This study took a qualitative and phenomenological research design to interview ten social workers from Maseru district hospitals and their affiliating clinics in the first two weeks of May 2021. Participants were selected using purposive and snowballing techniques, while data was collected using unstructured interviews and each interview lasted for forty to sixty minutes and was analyzed using content analysis. The study found out that majority of social workers experience challenges after handling traumatic cases, these challenges include anxiety, tiredness, loss of concentration, insomnia, irritation and stability, low mood, low self-esteem, avoidance, poor service delivery, lack of support, re-experiencing of traumatic events and affected interpersonal relationships. However, the study also found few social workers stated that they receive support from supervisors, they do not experience the client’ traumatic events, and their self-esteem is not affected. The study recommendations include escalation of awareness of the challenges experienced by social workers, the other recommendation to agencies and supervisors is to frame and develop professional network forum with different professionals and volunteers who can help each other.
Challenges experienced by social workers after handling traumatic cases in Maseru district hospitals, Lesotho
(National University of Lesotho, 2021-07) Ngatane, Tiisetso; James, Priya
There is an increase in trauma cases in Lesotho and globally, and this leaves social workers with a lot of work to help survivors of the traumatic events to cope. The main objective of the study was to explore the challenges experienced by social workers after handling traumatic cases in Maseru district hospitals, Lesotho and data was collected in the first two weeks of May. In spite of the high increase of traumatic cases, that expose social workers to different kinds of traumatic material, there is lack of literature, both in Lesotho and globally. This study took a qualitative and phenomenological research design to interview ten social workers from Maseru district hospitals and their affiliating clinics in the first two weeks of May 2021. Participants were selected using purposive and snowballing techniques, while data was collected using unstructured interviews and each interview lasted for forty to sixty minutes and was analyzed using content analysis. The study found out that majority of social workers experience challenges after handling traumatic cases, these challenges include anxiety, tiredness, loss of concentration, insomnia, irritation and stability, low mood, low self-esteem, avoidance, poor service delivery, lack of support, re-experiencing of traumatic events and affected interpersonal relationships. However, the study also found few social workers stated that they receive support from supervisors, they do not experience the client’ traumatic events, and their self-esteem is not affected. The study recommendations include escalation of awareness of the challenges experienced by social workers, the other recommendation to agencies and supervisors is to frame and develop professional network forum with different professionals and volunteers who can help each other.
Experiences of young adults raised by substance-abusing parents in Roma, Lesotho
(National University of Lesotho, 2021-07) Molise, Ntemana Tsepang; James, Priya; Mushonga, M
Parenting for some people is a wonderful learning experience. However, parental substance abuse may pose a threat to the beautiful endeavor of parenting. This is because of the negative outcomes that come with parental substance abuse and the extremely high prevalence of substance abuse in Lesotho and across the globe. There are currently many studies which deliberate the experiences of minor children raised by substance-abusing parents while ignoring young adults. As a result, the study is exploring the experiences of young adults raised by substance-abusing parents in Roma, Lesotho was conducted. The purpose of the study was to explore the experiences of young adults raised by substance-abusing parents by finding out how parental substance abuse affect young adult's intimate relationships, exploring the effects of parental substance abuse on young adult's social interactions, and examining the effects of parental substance abuse on young adult's emotions. Also, the study aimed to explore how parental substance abuse affects young adult's emotions and finally exploring discovering the coping mechanisms of young adults raised by substance-abusing parents. The study also seeks to impart knowledge about parental substance abuse and how it affects young adults in Lesotho. Data were collected from thirteen young adults who were raised by substance-abusing parents during the first three weeks of May 2021. The researcher collected data through in-depth interviews. One interview was conducted for each participant which lasted for forty-five minutes to one hour. Of the thirteen participants, nine young adults were single, while four of them were married. All these young adults were between the age groups of 17-30. Research participants were selected using both purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data while thematic analysis was employed to analyze data (Brown and Clarke, 2012). The Study further revealed that young adults raised by substance-abusing parents have suffered tremendous consequences because of parental substance abuse. Such consequences included mistrust and bad communication between their intimate partners. This also included Intimate partner violence (physical and emotional abuse) in young vi adults' intimate relationships. Further, young adults raised by substance-abusing parents also experienced bad family relations and bad treatment from family members. This also leads to them having dysfunctional families, low self-esteem, and high rates of self-isolation, stigmatization and discrimination. A small fraction of the findings also indicated that young adults had less experience the above-mentioned consequences of parental substance abuse. Young adults raised by substance-abusing parents in this study further experienced child abuse and neglect while growing up. This was attributed to parental substance abuse. As a result, while growing up, young adults were bullied (by other children) and they also bullied other children. Consequently, young adults also experienced loneliness and had suicidal thoughts while growing up. This, therefore, resulted in a majority of young adults raised by substance-abusing parents resorting to substances as a means of coping with parental substance abuse. A small fraction of the findings also revealed that young adults less experience the above stipulated negative effects of parental substance abuse. Subsequently, the following recommendations were made to significantly reduce or eliminate challenges or problems that are a result of parental substance abuse. These included counseling or therapeutic interventions, advocating for more foster care homes, substance abuse treatments, the building of rehabilitation centers across the country, suggestions to community volunteers and educators (about parental substance abuse), and finally mentorship programmes for young adults raised by substance-abusing parents.
Experiences of young adults raised by substance-abusing parents in Roma, Lesotho
(National University of Lesotho, 2021-07) Molise, Ntemana Tsepang; James, Priya
Parenting for some people is a wonderful learning experience. However, parental substance abuse may pose a threat to the beautiful endeavor of parenting. This is because of the negative outcomes that come with parental substance abuse and the extremely high prevalence of substance abuse in Lesotho and across the globe. There are currently many studies which deliberate the experiences of minor children raised by substance-abusing parents while ignoring young adults. As a result, the study is exploring the experiences of young adults raised by substance-abusing parents in Roma, Lesotho was conducted. The purpose of the study was to explore the experiences of young adults raised by substance-abusing parents by finding out how parental substance abuse affect young adult's intimate relationships, exploring the effects of parental substance abuse on young adult's social interactions, and examining the effects of parental substance abuse on young adult's emotions. Also, the study aimed to explore how parental substance abuse affects young adult's emotions and finally exploring discovering the coping mechanisms of young adults raised by substance-abusing parents. The study also seeks to impart knowledge about parental substance abuse and how it affects young adults in Lesotho. Data were collected from thirteen young adults who were raised by substance-abusing parents during the first three weeks of May 2021. The researcher collected data through in-depth interviews. One interview was conducted for each participant which lasted for forty-five minutes to one hour. Of the thirteen participants, nine young adults were single, while four of them were married. All these young adults were between the age groups of 17-30. Research participants were selected using both purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data while thematic analysis was employed to analyze data (Brown and Clarke, 2012). The Study further revealed that young adults raised by substance-abusing parents have suffered tremendous consequences because of parental substance abuse. Such consequences included mistrust and bad communication between their intimate partners. This also included Intimate partner violence (physical and emotional abuse) in young vi adults' intimate relationships. Further, young adults raised by substance-abusing parents also experienced bad family relations and bad treatment from family members. This also leads to them having dysfunctional families, low self-esteem, and high rates of self-isolation, stigmatization and discrimination. A small fraction of the findings also indicated that young adults had less experience the above-mentioned consequences of parental substance abuse. Young adults raised by substance-abusing parents in this study further experienced child abuse and neglect while growing up. This was attributed to parental substance abuse. As a result, while growing up, young adults were bullied (by other children) and they also bullied other children. Consequently, young adults also experienced loneliness and had suicidal thoughts while growing up. This, therefore, resulted in a majority of young adults raised by substance-abusing parents resorting to substances as a means of coping with parental substance abuse. A small fraction of the findings also revealed that young adults less experience the above stipulated negative effects of parental substance abuse. Subsequently, the following recommendations were made to significantly reduce or eliminate challenges or problems that are a result of parental substance abuse. These included counseling or therapeutic interventions, advocating for more foster care homes, substance abuse treatments, the building of rehabilitation centers across the country, suggestions to community volunteers and educators (about parental substance abuse), and finally mentorship programmes for young adults raised by substance-abusing parents
The influence of rehabilitation programmes on the reformation of offenders in Leribe and Botha-Bothe Correctional institution, Lesotho
(National University of Lesotho, 2021-06) Mohau, Mamosa; James, Priya
Rehabilitation is a fundamental aim of the correctional system. This aim is based on the postulation that individuals can be treated to desist from crime. Huebner and Inzana (2020) articulate that rehabilitation programmes are broadly provided to offenders in custodial and community settings around the world. Studies have shown that disciplining inmates is more than just physical punishment but the use of different rehabilitation programmes to reduce recidivism In Lesotho, there seems to be rare recent studies concentrating on the influence of rehabilitation programmes on the reformation of offenders. It is imperative to understand the influence rehabilitation programmes have on transformation of offenders so as to ensure effective utilisation of rehabilitation programmes and that awareness could be raised about the importance of reformation of offenders. This phenomenological study which adopted a qualitative research method sought to explore the influence of rehabilitation programmes on the reformation of offenders in Leribe and Botha-Bothe correctional institutions, Lesotho. The sample of the study was formed of eighteen participants (sixteen males and two females) who were selected using a purposive sampling method. Data was collected in May 2021 for three weeks through semi-structured interviews which took forty-five minutes per session. Content analysis was used to analyse the findings. The chosen theoretical framework of this study was Hirschi’s social control theory. The findings revealed that the psychosocial services through social support, counselling sessions, restorative justice and reintegration have positive influence on reformation of offenders. However there were challenges such as lack of social support to some offenders and inconsistency in counselling sessions. The other findings were that the educational programmes were provided by unqualified people however these programmes help participants to boost their confidence levels and to set life- changing goals. Vocational skills training programmes have less influence on the reformation of offenders because they perceive them as punishment and provision of free labour. However they attested that they could help them to become self-reliant. vii Religious belief have significant role in transformation of offenders because they develop new images and meanings of life through religious programmes. Recommendations included; information dissemination strategies, strengthening communication channels, broadening services, rehabilitation policy formulation, establishment of reintegration programmes, engagement of offenders in community activities, employment of qualified personnel in vocational skills training programmes.
The influence of rehabilitation programmes on the reformation of offenders in Leribe and Botha-Bothe Correctional institution, Lesotho
(National University of Lesotho, 2021-06) Mohau, Mamosa; James, Priya
Rehabilitation is a fundamental aim of the correctional system. This aim is based on the postulation that individuals can be treated to desist from crime. Huebner and Inzana (2020) articulate that rehabilitation programmes are broadly provided to offenders in custodial and community settings around the world. Studies have shown that disciplining inmates is more than just physical punishment but the use of different rehabilitation programmes to reduce recidivism In Lesotho, there seems to be rare recent studies concentrating on the influence of rehabilitation programmes on the reformation of offenders. It is imperative to understand the influence rehabilitation programmes have on transformation of offenders so as to ensure effective utilisation of rehabilitation programmes and that awareness could be raised about the importance of reformation of offenders. This phenomenological study which adopted a qualitative research method sought to explore the influence of rehabilitation programmes on the reformation of offenders in Leribe and Botha-Bothe correctional institutions, Lesotho. The sample of the study was formed of eighteen participants (sixteen males and two females) who were selected using a purposive sampling method. Data was collected in May 2021 for three weeks through semi-structured interviews which took forty-five minutes per session. Content analysis was used to analyse the findings. The chosen theoretical framework of this study was Hirschi’s social control theory. The findings revealed that the psychosocial services through social support, counselling sessions, restorative justice and reintegration have positive influence on reformation of offenders. However there were challenges such as lack of social support to some offenders and inconsistency in counselling sessions. The other findings were that the educational programmes were provided by unqualified people however these programmes help participants to boost their confidence levels and to set life- changing goals. Vocational skills training programmes have less influence on the reformation of offenders because they perceive them as punishment and provision of free labour. However they attested that they could help them to become self-reliant. vii Religious belief have significant role in transformation of offenders because they develop new images and meanings of life through religious programmes. Recommendations included; information dissemination strategies, strengthening communication channels, broadening services, rehabilitation policy formulation, establishment of reintegration programmes, engagement of offenders in community activities, employment of qualified personnel in vocational skills training programmes.

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